Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Mucin-induced surface dispersal of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis via quorum sensing-dependent and independent mechanisms

doi: 10.1101/2024.05.24.595766

Figure Lengend Snippet: Supernatant fluids from mid-exponential or stationary phase cultures of S. aureus ( Sa ) L0021-02 or S. epidermidis ( Sa ) L0021-06 were mixed with S. aureus JE2 cells prior to spot plating on TSA 0.3% (w/v agar) plates supplemented with 0.4% (w/v) commercial gastric mucin. The colonies were photographed after 18 h of incubation at 37°C ( A ) and their perimeter measured with the Image J software. The square grid (13 x 13 mm) on the plates is used as a scale. Panel B shows the average perimeter of triplicate colonies for each condition in reference to untreated (no supernatant) JE2 colonies (dashed line). Statistically significant differences between the exponential and stationary treatments (two-tailed, two-sample unequal variance t-test) are shown (≤0.05*, ≤0.005**, ≤0.0005***).

Article Snippet: We harvested supernatant fluids from S. aureus JE2, S. aureus L0021-02, or S. epidermidis L0021-06 by centrifugation (Eppendorf 5810R, 3220 g, 10 min) from 10 ml TSB cultures grown overnight (OD 600 of ∼1; stationary phase).

Techniques: Incubation, Software, Two Tailed Test

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Mucin-induced surface dispersal of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis via quorum sensing-dependent and independent mechanisms

doi: 10.1101/2024.05.24.595766

Figure Lengend Snippet: Representative morphotypes of 18-h colonies of non-spreading S. hominis perioral isolates L0020-01 and L0020-04 (A) and the S. aureus JE2 and non-spreading agrA:: Tn mutant (B) on 0.3% TSA without (M − ) or with (M + ) porcine stomach mucin treated or not treated with supernatants from the robust spreading perioral isolates S. aureus ( Sa ) L0021-02 and S. epidermidis ( Se ) L0021-06.

Article Snippet: We harvested supernatant fluids from S. aureus JE2, S. aureus L0021-02, or S. epidermidis L0021-06 by centrifugation (Eppendorf 5810R, 3220 g, 10 min) from 10 ml TSB cultures grown overnight (OD 600 of ∼1; stationary phase).

Techniques: Mutagenesis

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Genome-wide transcription response of Staphylococcus epidermidis to heat shock and medically relevant glucose levels

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1408796

Figure Lengend Snippet: Environmental perturbation of S. epidermidis . Log-phase cultures were exposed to (A) a 10-min increase in temperature from 37 to 45°C or (B) a range of 20-min glucose spikes (concentrations as noted) and a 10 mM spike followed by a step down to 2 mM.

Article Snippet: As a second example, Azitra, Inc. indicates they are engineering S. epidermidis strains to deliver therapeutic proteins to treat skin diseases including Netherton Syndrome and to improve skin appearance ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Genome-wide transcription response of Staphylococcus epidermidis to heat shock and medically relevant glucose levels

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1408796

Figure Lengend Snippet: A sudden temperature increase causes transcript levels to change up to ~ 71-fold. (A) Volcano plot showing the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for the heat-shock experimental condition with |log2 FC| ≥ 1.5 and adjusted p ≤ 0.05 as the threshold. The red dots represent 235 significantly upregulated genes, and the blue dots represent 131 significantly downregulated genes. (B) Summary of the significantly upregulated and downregulated genes during the heat-shock response in S. epidermidis assigned to functional groups according to GO and KEGG pathways (in %).

Article Snippet: As a second example, Azitra, Inc. indicates they are engineering S. epidermidis strains to deliver therapeutic proteins to treat skin diseases including Netherton Syndrome and to improve skin appearance ( ).

Techniques: Functional Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Genome-wide transcription response of Staphylococcus epidermidis to heat shock and medically relevant glucose levels

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1408796

Figure Lengend Snippet: Eighty-five S. epidermidis genes change expression levels in response to glucose. (A) Circular transcriptome map showing normalized gene expression levels in the S. epidermidis genome in response to glucose. Log2 fold change relative to control for cells exposed to 2 mM (G2), 5 mM (G5), 10 mM (G10), 17 mM (G17), or 50 mM (G50) glucose spikes. Each bar denotes a single gene; red bars represent significantly upregulated genes and blue bars represent significantly downregulated genes. Roman numerals i ( sdaAB , rbsU ), ii ( pflB ), iii ( glpR-pfkB operon), iv (F1613_RS07845 (homoserine dehydrogenase), and v (members of the lac operon) correspond to select groups of genes that are downregulated across all five glucose spike conditions. (B) Glucose concentration-response curves for a representative subset of genes that have potentially interesting glucose-responsive switch properties.

Article Snippet: As a second example, Azitra, Inc. indicates they are engineering S. epidermidis strains to deliver therapeutic proteins to treat skin diseases including Netherton Syndrome and to improve skin appearance ( ).

Techniques: Expressing, Gene Expression, Control, Concentration Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Genome-wide transcription response of Staphylococcus epidermidis to heat shock and medically relevant glucose levels

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1408796

Figure Lengend Snippet: The genome-wide transcription response of S. epidermidis to perturbations. Circular transcriptome map showing normalized gene expression levels in the S. epidermidis genome. Log2-fold change relative to control for cells exposed to Heat Shock (HS), a 17 mM glucose spike (G17), or Step Down (SD) experimental conditions. Each bar denotes a single gene. The red bars represent significantly upregulated genes, and the blue bars represent significantly downregulated genes.

Article Snippet: As a second example, Azitra, Inc. indicates they are engineering S. epidermidis strains to deliver therapeutic proteins to treat skin diseases including Netherton Syndrome and to improve skin appearance ( ).

Techniques: Genome Wide, Gene Expression, Control

Journal: Microorganisms

Article Title: Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of Linezolid-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in a Tertiary Hospital in Innsbruck, Austria

doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9051023

Figure Lengend Snippet: Emergence of linezolid resistance mechanisms within investigated linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (LRSE) isolates. Percentages are given in brackets.

Article Snippet: S. epidermidis sequencing data have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under Bioproject ID PRJNA720857.

Techniques: Mutagenesis

Journal: Microorganisms

Article Title: Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of Linezolid-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in a Tertiary Hospital in Innsbruck, Austria

doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9051023

Figure Lengend Snippet: Phylogenetic tree of linezolid-resistant S. epidermidis (LRSE) and linezolid-susceptible S. epidermidis (LSSE) isolates. Coloring of the tree corresponds to manual partitions for the two dominant sequence types (ST) ST2 and ST5 as well as associated linezolid resistance. Leaves colored in black correspond to ST2, ST5, ST23, ST32, ST87, ST190, and STnovel.

Article Snippet: S. epidermidis sequencing data have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under Bioproject ID PRJNA720857.

Techniques: Sequencing

Journal: Microorganisms

Article Title: Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of Linezolid-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in a Tertiary Hospital in Innsbruck, Austria

doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9051023

Figure Lengend Snippet: Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of linezolid-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (LRSE) isolates. Percentages are given in brackets.

Article Snippet: S. epidermidis sequencing data have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under Bioproject ID PRJNA720857.

Techniques: Concentration Assay

Journal: Microorganisms

Article Title: Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of Linezolid-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis in a Tertiary Hospital in Innsbruck, Austria

doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9051023

Figure Lengend Snippet: Phenotypically high linezolid resistance levels and minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC). ( a ) The total amount of high-level linezolid-resistant S. epidermidis (LRSE) as well as the percentage of high-level LRSE decreased over the years. ( b ) Presence of cfr expressed phenotypically higher MIC levels. MIC break points of cfr -carrying and non- cfr -carrying isolates were compared by Fisher’s exact test (*** p < 0.001).

Article Snippet: S. epidermidis sequencing data have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) under Bioproject ID PRJNA720857.

Techniques:

Journal: Cell reports

Article Title: Staphylococcus epidermidis activates keratinocyte cytokine expression and promotes skin inflammation through the production of phenol-soluble modulins

doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113024

Figure Lengend Snippet:

Article Snippet: S. epidermidis PSMα, fMADVIAKIVEIVKGLIDQFTQK , Lifetein , N/A.

Techniques: Staining, Virus, Recombinant, SYBR Green Assay, cDNA Synthesis, DNA Purification, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Plasmid Preparation, Software